Mental+Illnesses+and+Treatments

MENTAL ILLNESSES AND THEIR TREATMENTS

//Do some research into each of these illnesses and treatments that are depicted in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. Present the results of your research here in well constructed paragraphs.//


 * OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER- An anxiety disorder and is characterized by recurrent and unwanted thoughts(obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors. These types of behaviors can be things such as: handwashing, counting, checking, or cleaning. Treatment for this type of disorder is going through therapy. Therapy can help straighten situations out so they don't have as much anxiety and can lead to productive lives.

ANXIETY DISORDER- This type of disorder is when the individual goes through the day with exaggerated worry and tension. They may worry about certain things such as: health issuses, money problems, family issuses, or problems at work. The types of symptoms that often occur would be unable to concentrate, easily startled, fatigue, headaches, body aches, trembling, sweating, twitching, short of breath, lightheadedness, and nausea. Treatments for anxiety can be to see a psychiatrist or a physician who could prescribe an anti-depressant.**


 * BIPOLAR DISORDER- Bipolar disorder is a phychiatric diagnosis. A person with this disorder may be happy one minute but then the other mad about something. Some of the 'episodes' may lead to hallucination and delusion. The diagnosis may be based on the person's view on their experiences or by others' observations. One way that a person may recieve this order is through genetics. This disorder can be treated by mood stabilizers or sometimes some other type of phychiatric drugs.

SCHIZOPHRENIA- Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that makes it difficult for the individual to tell the difference between unreal and real life experiences, to think logically, to have normal emotional responses, and to behave normally in social situations. The brain isn't able to process information correctly. There are five different types of schizophrenia such as: Catatonic, Disorganized, Paranoid, Residual, Undifferentiated. Treatment to help with this disorder would be to use antipsychotic or neuroleptic medications. These medications change the chemicals in the brain and can help control the symptoms of the illness. Supportive and problem-focused forms of therapy may be helpful for many people. Social training and behavioral techniques can be taught through therapy.

NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER- People with this disorder need to have an extreme sense of self-importance and they have an obsessive preoccupation with one's self. They react to critisim with rage, shame, or humiliation. They will take advanage of people to have their needs met and they require constant attention and praise. For treatment, psychotherapy may help the affected person relate to others in a more positive and compassionate manner.

AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER- This type of disorder is a psychiatric condition in which a person has a lifelong pattern of feeling extremely shy, inadequate, and sensitive to rejection. They will only form relationships with someone if they know for a fact they will not be rejected. Loss and reaction are so painful to them that they would rather be alone then try to make contact with someone and be rejected. Antidepressants can reduce the sensitivity of rejection. A combination of medication and talk therapy will have more of an effect.**


 * PSYCHOPATHY- A mental disorder in which an individual manifests amoral and antisocial behaviors, lack of ability to love and have personal relationships,extreme egocentricity,failure to learn from experience along with poor judgement. They will use people to have there own emotional and or physical needs met. They are very mulnipulative towards others to get their way. Treatment for this disorder can be difficult only because the individual may be voilent and not cooperate with the program. They would go throught series of cognitive therapy and use antidepressants.

EPILEPSY- This disorder is when the individual will do repetitive activities that may represent a seizure. This is a result of abnormal electrical activity originating from the brain. There are two types of seizures. There are generalized seizures and partial/focal seizures. Epilepsy drugs are prescribed to control the seizures and rarely surgery is needed if the drugs are ineffective. If surgery is used they may remove the part of the brain that produces the seizures or they will interupt the nerve pathways through which seizures impulses spread within the brain.

LOBOTOMY-A psychosurgical procedure in which the frontal lobes are separated from the rest of the brain by cutting the connectingnervefibers. They are used to relieve the symptoms of a psychiatric and other conditions. **


 * First in 1933 the right frontal lobe was targeted because it was believed to hold all the emotions of the human brain. The effects of a lobotomy is that it reduces the emotional tension associated with halluinations and does away with the catatonic state. Because the procedure have undesireable side effects, this motion is only used if all of types of treatment fails.

ELECTRO SHOCK THERAPY - (ETC) This procedure is used by electrically inducing a seizure in patients for a theraputic effect. It is usually used for servere major depression which has not responded to any other treatment and also used for treatment for mania and catatonia. It was first introduced in the 1930s and gained widespread in the 1940s and 1950s. Todays its estimated that 1 million people worldwide recieve this type of therapy.**